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MEDIUM Received

CVE-2026-65975

Pydantic AI is a Python agent framework for building applications and workflows with Generative AI. In versions 1.88.0 up to but not including 1.107.1 and 2.0.0b1 up to but not including 2.5.0, the UI adapters (AG-UI via Agent.to_ag_ui()/AGUIAdapter, and Vercel AI via VercelAIAdapter) use sanitize_messages to strip unresolved ("dangling") client-submitted tool calls from untrusted message history before it reaches the agent, a defense-in-depth default that prevents the agent from executing tool calls the model never emitted. However, the strip anchored to a message index computed before sanitization ran, so when a trailing client message sanitized to empty and was dropped (for example a client system message under the default manage_system_prompt='server'), a preceding assistant response carrying an unresolved tool call became the new tail and was dispatched without inspection. As a result, a remote client could cause a registered, non-approval server tool to run with client-supplied arguments rather than arguments the model produced. The impact is bounded by what the affected tools do and is most significant for applications that gate tool execution in a model-request hook (before_model_request / after_model_request), since a forged call skips the model turn and bypasses that guardrail; approval-gated tools (requires_approval=True) are not auto-executed by this path. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.107.1 and 2.5.0.

Published 29 Jul 2026, 21:17 UTC Last modified 29 Jul 2026, 21:17 UTC
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Attack profile

The conditions required to exploit this vulnerability and its potential impact.

Attack vector Network
Attack complexity Low
Privileges required None
User interaction None
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality Low
Integrity Low
Availability None
Exploitability3.9
Impact2.5
02

Affected products

Product applicability statements supplied with the NVD record.

NVD has not published structured affected-product data for this record.
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Weakness classification

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Source references

External advisories, patches and technical reports attached to this CVE record.